Item: i49262 Authentic Ancient
Coin of: Greek city of
Larissa Kremaste <="" font="" color="#000000">
in <="" font="" color="#000000">
Thessaly
Bronze Chalkous 14mm (2.26 grams) Struck 302-286 B.C.
Reference: HGC 4, 16; Rogers 316-318; Moustaka 166; SNG Copenhagen 152
Laureate head of the nymph Larissa to right, with necklace and earring.
ΛΑΡΙ, Harpa to right; Phrygian helmet to left.
Situated in the south of Thessaly, Larissa Kremaste was built
on a height, hence its name. It was taken by Demetrios Poliorketes in 302 B.C.,
during his invasion of Thessaly. The myth goes that Achilles, the tragic hero of
the Trojan war was born in the city and ruled a port of it's dominions. Larissa
Kremaste was also the city that Perseus visited on his exile from Argos. Thetis
was the mother of Achilles, who is shown on coins from the city to be delivering
weapons to him that were forged by the smith god, Hephaistos. You are bidding on the exact
item pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime
Guarantee of Authenticity.
The Phrygian helmet
, also known as the Thracian helmet
,was a type of
helmet that originated in Classical Greece
and was widely use in Thrace
, Dacia
, Magna Graecia
and
the Hellenistic
world
until
well into the Roman Empire
. The Phrygian helmet was worn by Macedonian cavalry
in King Philip 's day but
his son Alexander is said
to have preferred the open-faced Boeotian helmet for
his cavalry, as recommended by Xenophon The royal
burial in the Vergina Tomb
contained a helmet which was a variation on the Phrygian type, exceptionally
made of iron, this would support its use by cavalry. The Phrygian helmet is
prominently worn in representations of the infantry of Alexander the Great's
army, such on the contemporary Alexander sarcophagus The Phrygian helmet was in prominent use at the end of the Classical Era and
into the Hellenistic period ,
replacing the earlier ' Corinthian '
type from the 5th century BC.
In this 1896 painting by John William Waterhouse
, Hylas
is abducted by the Naiads
, i.e. fresh water nymphs Echo
,
an Oread
(mountain nymph) watches Narcissus
in this 1903 painting by John William Waterhouse
.
A nymph
( Greek
: νύμφη
, nymphē
) in Greek mythology
and in Latin mythology
is a minor female nature deity
typically associated with a particular location or landform. Different from
goddesses, nymphs are generally regarded as divine spirits who animate nature,
and are usually depicted as beautiful, young nubile
maidens who love to dance and sing;
their amorous freedom sets them apart from the restricted and chaste wives and
daughters of the Greek polis
. They are believed to dwell in
mountains and groves
, by springs and rivers, and also in
trees and in valleys and cool grottoes
. Although they would never die of old
age nor illness, and could give birth to fully immortal children if mated to a
god, they themselves were not necessarily immortal, and could be beholden to
death in various forms. Charybdis
and Scylla
were once nymphs.
Other nymphs, always in the shape of young maidens, were part of the retinue
of a god, such as Dionysus
, Hermes
, or Pan
, or a goddess, generally the huntress Artemis
. Nymphs were the frequent target of satyrs
. Etymology
Nymphs are personifications of the creative and fostering activities of
nature, most often identified with the life-giving outflow of springs: as Walter Burkert
(Burkert 1985:III.3.3) remarks,
"The idea that rivers are gods and springs divine nymphs is deeply rooted not
only in poetry but in belief and ritual; the worship of these deities is limited
only by the fact that they are inseparably identified with a specific locality."
The Greek
word νύμφη
has "bride" and "veiled" among its meanings: hence a marriageable
young woman. Other readers refer the word (and also Latin nubere
and German Knospe
) to a root expressing the
idea of "swelling" (according to Hesychius
, one of the meanings of νύμφη
is "rose-bud"). Adaptations
The Greek nymphs were spirits invariably bound to places, not unlike the
Latin genius loci
, and the difficulty of
transferring their cult may be seen in the complicated myth that brought Arethusa
to Sicily. In the works of the
Greek-educated Latin poets
, the nymphs gradually absorbed into
their ranks the indigenous Italian divinities of springs and streams ( Juturna
, Egeria
, Carmentis
, Fontus
), while the Lymphae
(originally Lumpae), Italian
water-goddesses, owing to the accidental similarity of their names, could be
identified with the Greek Nymphae. The mythologies of classicizing Roman poets
were unlikely to have affected the rites and cult of individual nymphs venerated
by country people in the springs and clefts of Latium
. Among the Roman
literate class, their sphere of influence
was restricted, and they appear almost exclusively as divinities of the watery
element. Nymphs are also portrayed as selfish and as attention seekers who walk
around naked in the middle of forests. Thessaly
was home to extensive Neolithic
and Chalcolithic
cultures around 6000–2500 BC (see Cardium Pottery
, Dimini
and Sesklo
). Mycenaean
settlements have also been
discovered, for example at the sites of Iolcos
, Dimini
and Sesklo
(near Volos
). In Archaic and Classical
times, the lowlands of Thessaly
became the home of baronial families, such as the Aleuadae
of Larissa
or the Scopads of Crannon. In the 4th
century BC Jason of Pherae
transformed the region into a
significant military power, recalling the glory of Early Archaic times. Shortly
after, Philip II of Macedon
was appointed Archon
of Thessaly, and Thessaly was thereafter associated with the Macedonian Kingdom
for the next centuries. Thessaly later became part of the Roman Empire
as part of the province of Macedonia
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